As a child within the Nineteen Seventies, I watched the Apollo moon missions on TV, drawn like a curious moth to the cathode-ray tube’s glow. The English band Pink Floyd blared by the audio system of my mother’s Oldsmobile Cutlass Supreme, beckoning us to the darkish facet of the moon.
The far facet of the moon, the time period most scientists desire, is certainly darkish (half the time), chilly, and inhospitable. There’s regolith and a few Chinese language landers—Chang’e 4 in January 2019 and Chang’e 6 in June 2024—and never a lot else. That might change in a few yr, as Contributing Editor Ned Potter experiences in “The Quest to Construct a Telescope That Can Hear the Cosmic Darkish Ages.” Firefly Aerospace’s Blue Ghost Mission 2 with the LuSEE-Night time radio telescope aboard will try to change into the third profitable mission to land there.
The moon’s far facet is the right place for such a telescope. The identical RF waves that carried photos of Neil Armstrong setting foot on the lunar floor, Roger Waters’s voice, and a whole lot of Ned Potter’s area and science segments for the U.S. broadcast networks CBS and ABC intrude with terrestrial radio telescopes. In case your objective is to detect the extraordinarily faint and closely redshifted indicators of impartial hydrogen from the cosmic Darkish Ages, you simply can’t do it from Earth. This epoch is so-called as a result of we Earthlings have but to sense something from this time interval, which began about 380,000 years after the large bang and lasted 200 million to 400 million years. The far facet of the moon could also be a horrible place to dwell, but it surely’s shielded from all of the noise of Earth, making it the perfect spot to put a radio telescope.
As Potter emphasised to me not too long ago, LuSEE-Night time gained’t hear for a sign from Darkish Ages hydrogen straight. “Will the hydrogen from the Darkish Ages ship a sign? No,” says Potter. “However all that hydrogen on the market might take up somewhat little bit of vitality from the cosmic microwave background, interfering with that much more distant remnant of the large bang.”
The far facet might not keep quiet for for much longer. A number of nations, together with China, India, Japan, Russia, South Korea, the United Arab Emirates, and the United States, are making gradual however regular progress towards establishing a lunar presence. As they accomplish that, they’ll place extra relay satellites into orbit across the moon to assist exploratory actions in addition to moon bases deliberate for the following decade and past. Meaning the window on a noise-free far facet is closing. LuSEE-Night time, a undertaking 40 years within the making, may simply get there within the nick of time.
Potter is monitoring rising protocols that might protect the far facet’s electromagnetic silence whilst such efforts advance. Radio astronomers he’s talked to have shared concepts about how you can forestall this rising drawback from turning right into a disaster. “There are not any dangerous guys on this story, at the least not but,” says Potter. “However there are a number of well-meaning individuals who might complicate the image a fantastic deal in the event that they don’t know that there’s an image to complicate.”
It’s a busy time for moon missions. Along with Blue Ghost Mission 2, the Chinese language are sending Chang’e 7 to the moon’s south pole, whereas NASA’s Artemis II is scheduled to enter the primary of three launch home windows this month. Artemis II would be the first mission to place people into lunar orbit for the reason that final Apollo mission in 1972. And IEEE Spectrum readers will get pleasure from a entrance row seat, because of the enterprising reporting of a real legend within the enterprise, our personal Ned Potter.
This text seems within the February 2026 print situation as “See You on the Far Facet of the Moon.”
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