macos – The right way to mount an exterior drive read-only, first time?

I’ve a really outdated backup drive I wish to learn on my Mac (M1 MBP, macOS 15 Sequoia) over USB — however for security I would like it read-only (to stop including a recent backup to its Time Machine partition, updating its entry timestamps, refreshing its Highlight metadata, writing .DS_Store information, or making another modifications).

All the current questions on this matter are for Intel Macs, or for mounting at boot-up, or for when you realize the drive’s UUID or don’t thoughts mounting it read-write to search out that out — none of which apply right here:

• The beneficial technique is to first add an entry to the /and so forth/fstab (utilizing vifs) to both automount it read-only, or keep away from automounting it in any respect (so you possibly can then manually mount it read-only).  However that wants the amount UUID(s) or label(s) — which I don’t know.

  And the beneficial method to discover UUIDs and labels is to attach the drive (and let it automount) — by which era the injury can have been performed!

• You’ll be able to in fact set Unix permissions on the drive (chown and/or Finder’s Get Data) to disable write entry on your consumer — however that gained’t stop all system entry; and once more, by then the injury is completed.

• You used to have the ability to quickly stop any disks being automounted utilizing Aaron Burghardt’s Disk Arbitrator.  However that’s 9 years outdated and gained’t run on Apple Silicon.  (This seems like an excellent strategy, although — I’m shocked there’s no present app prefer it.)

• There are additionally recommendations to disable the Disk Arbitration service (diskarbitrationd) — with warnings that it’s arduous to disable, and a few of the collateral injury persists even in case you can re-enable it.

• Some system administration software program (utilized by huge organisations to safe their {hardware}) can stop entry to exterior drives.  However even when I may afford the money and time to get and arrange such software program, it’s inconceivable to totally take away afterward.

• I’ve even seen point out of specialist {hardware} that may block all writes — to be used by information forensics professionals, and neither reasonably priced nor accessible to the general public.

How can I see the information on a USB HD with out writing something to it first (or figuring out its UUID/label)?